Sigla: JSLih 081; Eut 794; Müller, D.H. 1889: 80, no. 35; Winnett 1937: 18; CLL 017; W.Dad 07; JaL 143; Drewes 1983: 428, no. 11; Déroche 1987: 261–262; Al-Qudrah 1993: 40, no. 105; D 062  Script: Dadanitic

-
//
//{}{}
/
/[]
/

Transliteration
1: l- ntnbʿl
2: bn/wny/hn
3: qbr/ḏh/{ḥ}{m}
4: ʿly/ymn
5: w ʿly/s²m[l]
6: mn/ṯrqr

Translation
1: To Ntnbʿl
2: son of Wny {ḥm}
3: belongs this grave
4: on the south
5: and on the north side
6: by Ṯrqr

Apparatus Criticus
TEXT
Line 2. Müller, D.H.: wnʿ for wny.
Line 3. Müller, D.H.: ḥf rather than {ḥ}{m}; Jamme: wm rather than ḥm; Jaussen & Savignac: hm rather than {ḥ}{m}.
Line 4. Müller, D.H.: ʿrf for ʿly.
Line 5. Müller, D.H. followed by Jamme: s²m rather than s²m[l]; Jaussen & Savignac followed by Winnett & Reed and Déroche: s²m[ʾl] rather than s²m[l]; Caskel: s²m---- for s²m[l]; Al-Qudrah: s²mʾ[l] rather than s²m[l].
Line 6. Winnett & Reed followed by Al-Qudrah and Déroche: ṯrq(h) for ṯrqr.

TRANSLATION
Lines 3–6: '---- Yamīn and ʿAlī S²ammān ----'.
Lines 4–5. Jaussen & Savignac followed by Al-Qudrah and Farès-Drappeau: 'to right and to left'.
Lines 4–6. Caskel: 'It was blacked out on the right and of the left side with ash from a pitch-dark bull'; Winnett & Reed: 'It has been protected on the right and on the left from thieves'; Jamme: 'tomb. It was agreed south and north of Ṯarrqarr'; Déroche: 'It has been protected on the right and on the left again the fate which she (?) throw to her'.

DISCUSSION
Lines 1–3: Macdonald 2000: 71, note 94 pointed out: 'It should be noted that it is not clear from the published photograph whether the first three lines of JSLih 81 are really complete (...). The article hn- appears to be at the end of line 2 and qbr at the beginning of line 3. But the syntax of the text as recorded by Jaussen & Savignac is awkward and has not yet received a convincing interpretation. The ends of lines 4-6 appear to be missing (they are appreciably shorter than lines 1-3) and it is possible that lines 1-3 are also incomplete. If this is so, the definite article hn- in line 2 would have referred to a noun no longer visible at the 'end' of that line, rather than to qbr'.
Ryckmans, G. 1937: 327.
Déroche 1987: 236.
Macdonald 2004: 519.

Subjects
Funerary Genealogy Structure

Country: Saudi Arabia
Region: Al-Madīnah
Site: Oasis of al-ʿUlā
Latitude: 26.616667
Longitude: 37.916667
Present Location: In situ
Find date: 1909–1910
Field collector: Jaussen & Savignac
Survey: Mission archéologique en Arabie
Notes: Ǧabal al-Ḫuraybah: on the rock face, next to the door of a tomb

References:
Al-Qudrah, Ḥ.M. Dirāsah muʿǧamiyyah li-ʾlfāẓ al-nuqūš al-liḥyāniyyah fī iṭār al-luġāt al-sāmiyyah al-ǧanūbiyyah. Unpublished MA Thesis, Epigraphy Section, Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, Yarmouk University, Irbid. 1993. Pages: 40 Number: 105

[CLL] Caskel, W. Lihyan und Lihyanisch. (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Geisteswissenschaften, 4). Köln: Westdeutscher Verlag, 1954. Pages: 84

Déroche, F. Recherches sur l'oasis de Dedan / al-Ula. Thèse de Doctorat: Études arabo-islamiques, Paris IV, 1987. [Unpublished], 1987. Pages: 236, 261–262

Drewes, A.J. Liḥyanitische Inscripties. Pages 424-429 in K.R. Veenhof (ed.), Schrijvend Verleden. Documenten uit het Oude Nabije Oosten vertaald en toegelicht. Leiden: Ex Oriente Lux / Zutphen: Terra, 1983. Pages: 428 Number: 11

[D] Farès-Drappeau, S. Dédan et Liḥyān. Histoire des Arabes aux confins des pouvoirs perse et hellénistique (IVe–IIe s. avant l'ère chrétienne). (Travaux de la maison de l'Orient, 42). Lyon: Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée — Jean Pouilloux, 2005. Pages: 172–173

[Eut] Jamme, A. Miscellanées d'ancient arabe V. Washington, DC: [privately produced], 1974. Plates: 36C

[JaL] Jamme, A. Miscellanées d'ancient arabe VII. Washington, DC: [privately produced], 1974. Pages: 108 Plates: 27

[JSLih] Jaussen, A. & Savignac, M.R. Mission archéologique en Arabie. I. (Mars-Mai 1907) De Jérusalem au Hedjaz, Médain Saleh. II. El-ʿEla, d'Hégra à Teima Harrah de Tebouk. Texte et Atlas. III. Les châteaux arabes de Quṣeir ʿAmra, Ḫarâneh, et Tûba. (5 volumes). (Publications de la Société Française des Fouilles Archéologiques, 2). [Reprinted Cairo: Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1997]. Paris: Leroux/Geuthner, 1909–1920. Volume: II Pages: 450–452 Plates: LXXXV, CIX

Macdonald, M.C.A. Ancient North Arabian. Pages 488-533 in R.D. Woodard (ed.), The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Pages: 519

Macdonald, M.C.A. Reflections on the linguistic map of pre-Islamic Arabia. Arabian archaeology and epigraphy 11, 2000: 28-79. [Reprinted with the same pagination, plus addenda and corrigenda, as Article III in Macdonald, M.C.A., Literacy and Identity in Pre-Islamic Arabia. (Variorum Collected Studies, 906). Farnham: Ashgate, 2009.] Pages: 71, note 94

Müller, D.H. Epigraphische Denkmäler aus Arabien. (nach Abklatschen und Copien des Herrn Professor Dr. Julius Euting in Strassburg). Borgelegt in der Sitzung am 9. Mai 1888. (Denkschriften der (kaiserlichen) Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Philosophisch-historische Klasse, 37.2). Wien: Tempsky, 1889. Pages: 80 Plates: VI Number: 35

Ryckmans, G. Le déchiffrement des inscriptions liḥyanites et thamoudénnes [Review of Winnett 1937 (WLT)]. Le Muséon 50, 1937: 323-337. Pages: 327

[W.Dad] Winnett, F.V. & Reed, W.L. Ancient Records from North Arabia. with contributions by J.T. Milik and J. Starcky. (Near and Middle East Series, 6). Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1970. Pages: 124–125 Plates: 24 Number: 7

Winnett, F.V. A Study of the Liḥyanite and Thamudic Inscriptions. (University of Toronto Studies - Oriental Series, 3). Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1937. Pages: 18 Plates: II

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